AI-Generated and Student-Created Comics as a Tool for Enhancing Environmental Education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33919/YTelecomm.25.12.11Keywords:
AI-generated comics, Student-created comics, Environmental education, Teacher professional development, Technology integration, Student engagementAbstract
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education provides opportunities for innovative instructional strategies that combine technology, creativity, and teacher facilitation. This study investigates the effectiveness of AI-generated and student-created comics in enhancing environmental learning among students in grades 5–10, while also examining implications for teacher practice in technology integration. A quasi-experimental, mixed-methods design was implemented across 15 schools in Bulgaria. Three instructional approaches were compared: traditional text-based instruction, AI-generated comics, and student-created comics. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests on environmental knowledge, motivation questionnaires, cognitive load assessments, and thematic analyses of student-created comics. Results indicate that both AI-generated and student-created comics significantly improve students’ conceptual understanding, engagement, and environmental awareness. Student-created comics additionally foster creativity, collaboration, and personal connection to ecological issues. Findings highlight the role of teachers in scaffolding technology-enhanced learning and suggest that combining AI resources with student creativity represents a promising model for integrating digital tools into science instruction.
References
CHIU, M. M., and B. Y. WONG. Integrating creative digital media into interdisciplinary learning: The role of comics and storytelling. Computers & Education. 2021, vol. 171, № 104220. ISSN 0360-1315.
FARÍAS, C., and J. MÉNDEZ. Comics as tools for teaching complex scientific concepts: A systematic review. Education Sciences [online]. 2019, vol. 9(4), 265 [viewed 17.06.2026]. ISSN 2227-7102. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci9040265
FARINELLA, M. The potential of comics in science communication. Journal of Science Communication (JCOM) [online]. 2018, vol. 17(01), pp. 1-17 [viewed 17.06.2026]. ISSN 1824-2049. Available from: https://doi.org/10.22323/2.17010401
NAGATA, R. Learning biochemistry through manga- Helping students learn and remember, and making lectures more exciting. Biochemical Education [online]. 1999, vol. 27(4), pp. 200–203 [viewed 17.06.2026]. ISSN 0307-4412. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0307-4412(99)00052-7
CLARK, J. M. and А. PAIVIO. Dual coding theory and education. Educational Psychology Review [online]. 1991, vol. 3(3), pp. 149–210 [viewed 17.06.2026]. еISSN 1573-336X. Available from: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01320076
MORENO, R., and R. E. MAYER. Learning science in virtual reality multimedia environments: Role of methods and media. Journal of Educational Psychology [online]. 2002, vol. 94(3), pp. 598–610 [viewed 17.06.2026]. eISSN 1939-2176. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.94.3.598
VERSACI, R. How comics can change the way students think about literature: One Teacher's Perspective. The English Journal [online]. 2001, vol. 91(2), pp. 61–67 [viewed 17.06.2026]. ISSN 0013-8274. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2307/822347
HOSLER, J., and K. B. BOOMER. Are comic books an effective way to engage nonmajors in learning and appreciating science?. CBE—Life Sciences Education [online]. 2011, vol. 10(3), pp. 309–317 [viewed 17.06.2026]. eISSN 1931-7913. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.10-07-0090
TATALOVIC, M. Science comics as tools for science communication and education. Journal of Science Communication [online]. 2009, vol. 8(4), pp.1-17 [viewed 17.06.2026]. ISSN 1824-2049. Available from: https://doi.org/10.22323/2.08040202
MAYER, R. E. Multimedia Learning. 3rd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2020. ISBN 978-1-107-18750-4.
PLASS, J. L., HEIDIG, S., HAYWARD, E. O., HOMER, B. D., and E. UM. Emotional design in multimedia learning: Effects on learning and motivation. Learning and Instruction [online]. 2014, vol. 112(7), pp. 128-140 [viewed 17.06.2026]. eISSN 1873-3263. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2013.02.006
KIRCHOFF, J. Using Digital Comics to Develop Digital Literacy: Fostering Functionally, Critically, and Rhetorically Literate Students. Texas Journal of Literacy Education [online]. vol. 5(2), pp.117-129 [viewed 26.06.2026]. ISSN 2374-7404. Available from: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1162692.pdf
MORRISON, K. School Leadership and Complexity Theory. London, UK: Routledge, 2002. ISBN 978-041-527-784-6.
JENKINS, H. Convergence culture: Where old and new media collide. New York, NY: NYU Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0814742952.
MORENO, R., and R. E. MAYER. Cognitive principles of multimedia learning: The role of modality and contiguity. Journal of Educational Psychology [online]. 1999, vol. 91(2), pp. 358–368 [viewed 17.06.2026]. eISSN 1939-2176. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.91.2.358
GOUROVA, E., KADREV, V., STANCHEVA, A., DRAGOMIROVA, M., and G. PETROV. Adapting educational programmes according to e-competence needs: The Bulgarian case. Interactive Technology and Smart Education [online]. 2014, vol. 11(2), pp. 123-145 [viewed 17.06.2026]. eISSN 1758-8510. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1108/ITSE-04-2014-0006
СТЕФАНОВА, Т., ПЕТРОВ, Г., БОГОМИЛОВ, И., и А. СЛАВИНСКИ. Анкетното проучване за обучението в бакалавърските и магистърските програми на департамент Телекомуникации на НБУ. Управление и образование (Management and Education) [онлайн]. 2014, год. 10(3), с. 146-155. ISSN 1312-6121 [прегледан 17.06.2026]. Достъпен на: https://www.conference-burgas.com/maevolumes/vol10/b3_v10.pdf [STEFANOVA, T., PETROV, G., BOGOMILOV, I., i A. SLAVINSKI. Anketnoto prouchvane za obuchenieto v bakalavarskite i magistarskite programi na departament Telekomunikatsii na NBU. Upravlenie i obrazovanie (Management and Education) [onlayn]. 2014, god. 10(3), s. 146-155. ISSN 1312-6121 [pregledan 17.06.2026]. Dostapen na: https://www.conference-burgas.com/maevolumes/vol10/b3_v10.pdf]