Analysis of the use of terahertz spectrum in 6G and the role of European standards

Abstract

The topic of the report is aimed at analyzing the sixth generation of mobile communications (6G), which is expected to use the terahertz (THz) spectrum as a key resource to achieve speeds in the order of terabits per second. Despite the enormous capacity, this spectrum poses serious technical, infrastructural and regulatory challenges. This article aims to examine the main limitations in the use of THz frequencies, as well as to assess their characteristics and their impact on future communication networks. Key factors such as propagation losses, range, hardware limitations and the need for new network architectures are analyzed. As a result of the study, it is established that the effective use of THz spectrum requires an integrated approach, including hybrid networks, intelligent resource management and the implementation of new technological solutions. Special attention is paid to the role of European standardization organizations such as ETSI and ITU, which provide the necessary framework for compatibility, harmonization and safe operation of 6G technologies. The main contribution of the article is expressed in the systematization of the main challenges and the outline of guidelines for overcoming them through standardization and innovation.